KEBUDAYAAN ITALIA DAN INGGRIS

ITALY CULTURE

Name: Boyke Emerald Maulana

Class: 2SA04

NPM: 11615394

The culture of the

City of Venice, built on 117 island.

Italy did not exist as a single country until the unification of the country in the year 1861. Because of this new enough union and the historical autonomy of each region which forms the peninsula of Italy, there are many traditions and indigenous peoples is now acknowledged as the property of Italy clearly can be identified by region home screen. Although the difference in the political and social development in the region of this region, Italian contribution to the cultural heritage and the history of Europe and the world is still only. Italy is home to a large number of UNESCO World Heritage Site (currently 47 fruit), and the rich treasures of art, culture and literature from many different period. This country influenced the many cultures of the world, also because there are many Italians who emigrated to another place at the time of the Diaspora Italy. In addition, this country has approximately 100,000 monuments in many forms (museum, the palace, building, statues, church, galeria art, villas, water fountain, historical buildings and archaeological heritage).

The architecture

tower at an angle and Piazza dei Miracoli in Pisa. Piazza is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and the two buildings are examples of Romanesque architecture.

Italy have a style of architecture that varying appearance and type, which cannot be differentiated only on the basis of the period, but also the region, because Italy is still a collection of city-state until 1861. Although this situation has created a wide range of architecture design, and sometimes be synergized. Italy known will be the achievement of the extraordinary architecture, such as the construction of arches, dome, and similar structures in ancient Rome, pioneering movement of Renaissance architecture at the end of the fourteenth century to the sixteenth century, and become the place of birth for Palladian architecture, a construction style that inspires movement neoklasik architecture and influenced the design that is used by the honor to make their rural house in the whole world, especially in Britania Raya, Australia and the United States at the end of the 17th century until the beginning of the twentieth century. Some of the Best Western architecture is the Colosseum, Milano Cathedral and the cathedral and the tower of Pisa Firenze, and design of buildings in Venice built in Italy.

Italian architecture also influenced the architecture of the world. The original architect Britania, Inigo Jones, inspired by the design of the buildings and the cities in Italy, brought the idea of the architecture of the Italian renaissance to England on the 17th century was inspired by Andrea Palladio,. In addition, Italianat architecture, which exploded since the nineteenth century, is used to describe the architecture of the stranger that was built with the style of Italy, especially as had been modeled by Renaissance architecture.

Art Work

Supper art work of Leonardo da Vinci: equivalent with the Mona Lisa is the portrait view and religious painting is most often imitated and diparodikan over time.

For centuries the art of Italy has developed through many styles. Italian painting is traditionally characterized by the colors and the warm light, as exemplified in the works of Caravaggio and Titian and a pleasure with pictures and religious motives. Italian painting enjoy superiority in Europe for hundreds of years, since the period of Romanesque and Gothic, and through the renaissance period, and Barok, the second last is that witnessed the fruit in Italy. Other prominent artists that fall within the period of this period is Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Donatello, Botticelli, Fra Angelico, Tintoretto, Bernini, and Raphael.

After that, Italy experienced the subjugation of sustainable development by the power of the stranger that cause transferring the focus to the political issues and resulting in his withdrawal as the ruler of the arts in Europe. Not until the Futurism of the twentieth century, especially through the works of Umberto Boccioni, and Giacomo Balla, that allows Italy to attain back perstise, as well as older ones as the place for the evolution of art. Futurism was replaced by the metaphysical paintings Giorgio de Chirico, very influenced the house of surreal, and the generation of the host afterwards.

Cinema.

Italian film history began a few months after the brothers Lumière start moving picture exhibition. The first film of Italy is a few seconds show that shows the Pope Leo XIII gave the blessing to the camera. The Italian film industry was born in the year of 1903, and 1908 with three companies: Società Italiana Cines, Ambrosio, and Itala Film Film. Other film company appears in Milano, and Naples. In the short period of these companies reached a reasonable production quality and film sold to outside of Italy. The film is then used by Benito Mussolini who built the studio Cinecittà, reminiscent of back on the triumph of Rome, studio is used to create the films Fascist propaganda until World War II.

After World War II, Italian film widely acknowledged, and exported until the arts receded on the decade of the 1980s. The director of the famous Italian film from this period is Vittorio De Sica, Federico Fellini, Sergio Leone, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Luchino Visconti, Michelangelo Antonioni and Dario Argento. The films including on world film heritage is La dolce vita (Sweet Life), The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (Good, and worse that bad), and Bicycle Thieves (The thief bike). The middle decades of the 1940s until the last decade of the 1950s was the time of goodness pass before the films neorealis, reflects the state of Italy post-war that messy.

Cuisine

Cheese Parmigiano Reggiano cuisine, one of 200 traditional specialty Italy that is protected by the law of Europe.

Modern Italian cuisine has been developed for centuries, go hand in hand with the changes in the social and political, with cultural roots that can be tracked back back to 4 th century BCE. Italian cuisine itself has taken a lot of influence from Etruskan, Ancient Greece, ancient Rome, Byzantine texts, and Jews. A significant change appears with the discovery of the New World with the introduction of food ingredients such as potatoes, tomatoes, pepper and corn, now central to the Italian cuisine but never present there before the eighteenth century. Italian cuisine is known will kemajemukannya based on region, abundance of the different taste, and known as one of the most cuisine library in the world with the influence that spread widespread.

Italian cuisine is characterized by simplicity, with many dishes that involve four to eight basic materials. The Italian chefs rely more on the quality of the basic materials compared to the complex processing. The dishes and recipes often is the ancestor of the dayacipta instead of chefs, who made many of the recipes are very suitable to be applied in the house.

This is one of the main reasons that cause more merakyatnya Italian cuisine, because the cooking magazines abroad also disseminate recipes Italy is intended for cooking activities cooking of users. The basic materials and seafood cuisine is very varied in each region. There are a lot of the dishes at the beginning regional, but now have menasional, and developed with the different variations in all the region of Italy.

Cheese slices of pork meat and drink wine is an important part in Italian cuisine, with many variations and the official pronunciation, Denominazione in origine controllata (DOC). Coffee, especially espresso, has become an important element in the grain offering of Italy.

ENGLAND CULTURE

The architecture

white stone building with tower topped with a dome. In the foreground acres trees algorithm and a red rectangular vertical box with windows.

The Cathedral Saint Paul style English Barok

many ancient monuments built in prehistory, one of the most popular is Stonehenge, Devils's Arrows, Rudston Monolith and Castlerigg. With the introduction of the architecture of ancient Rome, buildings such as basilika, bathing, amfiteater, villa, temple Roman fortress, and water channel of the Roman model is also more developed.

Romans built the first cities such as London, Bath, York, Chester and St Albans. Example terpentingnya architecture is the wall of Hadrian, which stretches in the northern part of the UK. Other heritage preserved with good enough is bathing in Roman Bath, Somerset.

The buildings and architecture at the beginning of the Middle Ages is usually a simple construction using wood with the roof of the bushes. The architecture of the synthesis of monasticism Hiberno-Saxon-style church after the Norman Conquest in 1066, various castle in Britain created so that the authorities can enforce their authority and to protect the invasion from the north. Some of the famous medieval castles is the Tower of London, Castle Warwick, Castle Durham, and Castle Windsor.

Castle Windsor in Berkshire.

During the Plantagenet era, Gothic architecture of medieval cathedral growing fast. The Cathedral Canterbury, Westminster Abbey and York Minster is the main example. It also built various castle, the palace, university building and the church a parish church. The architecture of the middle ages ended in the sixteenth century when the era of Tudor started. As the tail of the Renaissance, form of classic-style architecture mixes with the era of Christianity. The architect of the famous English Barok style one is Christopher Wren.

The architecture in the era of George stylish more smooth and revive the simple Palladian form. Royal Crescent in Bath is one of the best examples of the architecture in this era. With the emergence of historical romanticism during the period of Victoria, Gothic style back resurrected. The Industrial Revolution also opened the way for the architecture of the architecture such as The Crystal Palace. Since the 1930s, various modernist style architecture has also appears, although this many be contradicted by the adherents of traditionalist.

Kuliner

Fish and chips.

Fish and chips is one of the British culinary consumed in general.

Since the early Modern Period, British culinary historically marked by the simplicity and reliance on natural products of high quality. Since the Middle Ages and the century of the Enlightenment, British cuisine received a very good reputation, but degradation occurs during the period of the Industrial Revolution with many residents who moved from the island and the rising tide of urbanization. Recently, British culinary back experience the resurrection which has been recognized by critics as one of the best quality culinary. Restaurant magazine recently proclaimed British restaurants as one of the Best restaurant in the world. Recipe books about British culinary is Forme of Cury, published in the Reign of Richard II.

Apple pie is consumed in Britain since the Middle Ages.

Some examples of the British traditional food of them: Sunday roast, which consists of beef and sheep, or roasted chicken served with various vegetables boil, pudding Yorkshire, and coconut. Other popular food including fish and chips and full English breakfast, consisting of bacon, tomatoes, toasted bread fry, sausages black, roasted peanut, fungi, fried sausages and eggs. A variety of meat pie is consumed as steak and kidney pies, cottage pies Cornish pasty, and pork pies, last consumed by cold.

Sausages is food consumed by the general good that various as bangers and slowdown or toad in the hole. Lancashire hotpot is boiled cuisine is well known. Some variants of the famous cheese is cheddar and Wensleydale cheese. Many also various food Inggris-India, for example curry, which are then processed into the culinary culinary pleasures such as chicken tikka masala and balti. The dishes sweet taste of Britain in some apple pie, mince pie, world dick, scone, eccles, custard cake and sticky toffee pudding. Drink consumed in general is tea, which have been popularized by by Catherine of Braganza. While alcoholic beverages among others wine cider, and British beer as bitter, mild, stout and brown ale ale.

National symbol

The British national flag is known as the St George Cross and has become the flag of the country since the 13th century. In fact, the flag used by the maritime territory of the Republic of Genoa. United Kingdom pay tribute to the Government of Genoa from 1190, so that the ships of Britain could wear the flag as a symbol of protection when passing through the waters of the Mediterranean. The Red Cross is the symbol of the Crusades in the twelfth century and 13. This symbol is associated with Saint George claimed as the patron saint of Britain and then use the cross as the flag.since 1606, the cross of St George also formed part of the design of the Union flags, British flag designed by King James I

A red and white flower.

The Rose Tudor flora British identity.

There are a number of symbols and other symbolic artifact, both formal and, including the rose Tudor flora the identity of the nation, dragon white and three lambs a lion that is displayed in the British national symbol. The Rose tudor adopted as a symbol of British national at the time of the War of the Rose as a symbol of peace.[297] this symbol is the symbol of the syncretic adoptions that combines the white rose symbolises the Sailendra York, and red roses, which symbolises the Sailendra Lancaster (the successor of Sailendra Plantagenet). This symbol is also known as the "rose from the UK". The oak was also established as a national symbol English, which symbolises the strength and durability. The term "Royal Oak" refers to efforts to flee King Charles II from the grip of members of parliament after his father executed. It seems he hid in an oak tree to avoid arrest.

British national symbol displays three tail of a lion that is specified by the King Richard the heart of a lion in the year 1198. England has no official anthem. As part of the Britania Raya, de facto anthem is God save the Queen. However, songs Jerusalem, I Vow to Thee, My Country and Land of hope and Glory is often considered as the national anthem is not officially Britain. The Song of Songs is echoed in the event Sports Festival of the Commonwealth of 2002. The British National Day is celebrated every 23 April, which coincided with the day of St George.